The last post - ANZAC

 ANZAC - Last post 

When do you hear this song?
Dawn service/ANZAC day

Why is this song significant/important to New Zealand?
It is used to honour the soldiers that had died in the war and sacrificed their lives.

What is the history behind the last post?
The song was used as a bell for the soldiers to wake up/for food. 

What does this song represent?
It is a call that signifies the end of the day's activities. It is also played at military funerals to indicate the soldier that has gone to his/her final rest and at commemorative services such as Anzac Day and Remembrance Day.

                                        

10Health - Bullying

 In health, we had to choose a topic that relates to Taha Whanau and to make a DLO about what we know of the topic. I chose bullying because it seem that I knew more about this specific topic than all the other topics, then we had to answer the questions that we were given in the slide. 

Music through time- traditional music

 Spirituals were a song that the slaves would sing when they needed hope, these songs were mostly sung at funerals, wedding (if allowed) and when they were working in the cotton fields. Harriet Tubman was a very famous person in the slave time and still very famous now, she is mostly known as a hero. She would sneak slaves and have them follow her through the underground railroad, these railroad would take you to the north side of America where there was no slavery or racism there. 

One of the spiritual songs ice seen is called 

In Wade in the Water

Chorus: Wade in the Water, wade in the water children.

Wade in the Water. God’s gonna trouble the water.
Who are those children all dressed in Red?
God’s gonna trouble the water.
Must be the ones that Moses led.
God’s gonna trouble the water.

Chorus

Who are those children all dressed in White?
God’s gonna trouble the water.
Must be the ones of the Israelites.
God’s gonna trouble the water.

Chorus

Who are those children all dressed in Blue?
God’s gonna trouble the water.
Must be the ones that made it through.
God’s gonna trouble the water.

The meaning of this song was for when the slaves would escape, they would have to walk through the rivers so the dogs and trackers couldn't catch their scent, that's how most of them successfully escaped. Black people still on this day are getting harassed for their colour of their skin, and there was a protest even about racist white people and how black people wants rights. So still this day people are still affected from racism and still fighting for their rights.

Model atoms - science

 Aim: To make a model atom

Method: 

1. Choose an atom to make (one between Hydrogen and Neon)

2. Work out how many protons, neutrons and electrons it has.

3. Assign protons and neutrons to a particular colour bead.

4. Get a ball of blue tac and stick the protons and neutrons to this to make your nucleus.

5. Cut out the appropriate electron shells and draw on the electrons with vivid.

6. Connect the nucleus and electron shells with a piece of string.

7. Create a label to go above the model so people know what you have created

Results:

Discussion:

The atomic number for Helium is 2 and the mass number is 4. The number of protons, electrons and neutrons is 2. The electron is 2 on the inside and 0 on the outside. The atomic number of helium is 2, meaning each atom of helium has two protons and helium is the second-lightest element.

Conclusion:

The experiment did work, next time if I do this maybe use smaller beads and have a lighter colour so you can see the electrons.

Distallation - Chemicals & chaos

                                                               Distillation

Recap:  Last lesson we learnt that the process of evaporation is when a liquid turns into a gas. So we can separate a solution, by evaporating away the solvent to learnt a solute (solid). 

But what if we want to collect gas?? When we trap the gas and turn it back into a liquid this is called condensation.

What is it?

• Evaporation: heating a liquid, turns to a gas
• Condensation: cooling down a gas, turn into a liquid.

Experiment:                                  Separating a mixture using distillation

Aim: To separate a solute from a solvent in a solution using distillation.

Equipment: 

• A solution of saltwater
• Conical flask
• Heatproof mat
• A delivery tube and bung
• Bunsen burner
• Tripod
• Gauze mat 
• Retort stand
• Boss head and clamp
• Boiling tube

Method:

1. Set up the equipment as shown in the diagram
2. Add approximately 50 ml of saltwater to your conical flask
3. Light your bunsen burner. Open the air hole and gently push the bunsen burner under the tripod
4. Heat the solution until most of the solvent has been evaporated. Turn off your bunsen burner.

Hypothesis: When the coke is heated the sugar will solidify and stay in the flask and the liquid will be evaporated and travel all the way to the test tube and cool.

Observations: As soon as we put the Bunsen burner on the coke was already boiling, when the coke started to evaporate it was transferred through the bung and into the tube where it cools and turns into clear brown liquid.

Conclusion: Coke Zero has had less dissolved substances, when normal coke had more dissolved solids which was sugar.

Serial Dilution

 Aim: To make a dilution series to investigate concentration.

Hypothesis: I think that the potassium permanganate will slowly dilute as we tip 5 ml of every test tube into the next test tube.

Equipment:

• A potassium permanganate crystal
• Six large test tube
• Tweezers
• A plastic transfer pipette
• A test tube rack
• 10 ml measuring cylinder

Method:

1. Place 6 test tubes in a test tube rack. Label the rack with numbers 1-6
2. Using the measuring cylinder, fill test tube 1 with 10 ml of water. Fill the remaining test tube with 5 ml of water.
3. Using your tweezers, add a single crystal of potassium permanganate to test tube 1
4. Gently shake the test tube until the crystal has dissolved
5. Using the transfer pipette, carefully remove exactly 5 ml from test tube 1 and pour it into test tube 2
6. Rinse the transfer pipette thoroughly to ensure that no purple solution remains
7. Gently shake test tube 2 and repeat the transfer process, transferring exactly 5 ml of solution from test tube 2 to test tube 3.
8. Rinse the pipette again and repeat the transfer process for test tubes 4, 5 and 6.

Discussion:

Which was most dilute? Test tube 6

Least diluted? Test tube 1

Most concentrated? Test tube 1

Least concentrated? Test tube 6

How fo you know? With the most diluted the colour of the liquid has less colour to it and the most concentrated is the brightness of the liquid.

Filtration Experiment

Aim: To separate a solution from a precipitate (precipitate is the name for a solid that forms in a liquid during a chemical reaction.) 

 

Solvent - Thing doing the dissolving (liquid)

Solute - Thing being dissolved (solid)   

Solution - A mixture that is formed.

Filtration - Separates particles based on size.

Filtrate - Liquid after it has been filtered.

Mixture - 2 or more substances together

Solubility - Ability to dissolve.

Hypothesis: What do you think will happen 

Equipment:

• Copper sulfate
• Conical flask
• Stirring rod
• 200ml beaker
• Funnel
• Filter paper

Method: 

1. Pour approximately 50ml of copper sulfate solution into a beaker. 
2. Add the same volume of sodium carbonate solution. A reaction will happen, you should see a cloudy blue precipitate form. Called copper carbonate.
3. Watch demo then fold filter to fit inside the funnel.
4. Place the funnel with the filter paper inside of it, into the mouth of a conical flask.
5. Stir the mixture in the beaker, then carefully pour it into the funnel.
6. Observe what happened.

Observation and Discussion: What you saw happen and why do you think it happened?

When you add the liquids together they start making a bright blue coloured liquid. When you start to filter the liquid through the filter paper there are blue solids on the top and clear liquid coming from the bottom, the reason is that the blue cannot fit through the filter paper because it has large particles in it but the clear liquid has small particles which fit through the filter paper.